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1.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 144(5): 634-642, mayo 2016. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-791052

ABSTRACT

Red cell distribution width (RDW) is a measurement of the variation in size, as well as an index of heterogeneity of erythrocytes, which is used in combination with other hematologic parameters as an aid to the differential diagnosis of hypochromic anemia. RDW could also serve as a biomarker in the diagnosis and prognosis patients with cardiovascular diseases. However, it is unclear whether the increased heterogeneity is the cause or consequence of other pathophysiological conditions such as renal failure, malnutrition, inflammation and oxidative stress, which among other conditions are actively involved in the genesis and progression of cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this review is to show and discuss recent evidence about the role of RDW measurement as an aid in the diagnosis and prognosis of patients with such diseases. Besides being a simple, inexpensive and routinely measured parameter, it could help in the stratification of patients according to their risk in clinical practice.


Subject(s)
Humans , Cardiovascular Diseases/blood , Erythrocyte Indices/physiology , Erythrocyte Volume/physiology , Biomarkers/blood , Cardiovascular Diseases/physiopathology , Risk Factors
2.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 139(4): 505-515, abr. 2011. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-597648

ABSTRACT

Complications and mortality of heart failure are high, despite the availability of several forms of treatment. Uric acid, the end product of purine metabolism would actively participate in the pathophysiology of heart failure. However, there is no consensus about its action in cardiovascular disease. Serum uric acid would have a protective antioxidant activity. This action could help to reduce or counteract the processes that cause or appear as a result of heart failure. However, these protective properties would vanish in the intracellular environment or in highly hydrophobic areas such as atherosclerotic plaques and adipose tissue. This review discusses the paradoxical action of uric acid in the pathophysiology of heart failure.


Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Heart Failure/blood , Oxidative Stress/physiology , Uric Acid/blood , Xanthine Oxidase/physiology , Biomarkers/blood , Chronic Disease , Heart Failure/physiopathology
3.
Rev. chil. cardiol ; 29(3): 291-298, 2010. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-592016

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La Hipertensión arterial pulmonar (HP) se caracteriza por remodelado vascular y disfunción endotelial. Evidencia experimental muestra que el estrés oxidativo juega un rol importante en la patogénesis de la HP. El rol del estrés oxidativo, su relación con la función endotelial periférica y con la respuesta vascular pulmonar a vasodilatadores en pacientes con HP no está aclarada. Objetivo: evaluar parámetros de estrés oxidativo y función endotelial periférica en pacientes con HP y estudiar su relación con la respuesta vascular pulmonar frente a vasodilatadores. Métodos: estudio transversal. Se incluyeron 14 pacientes con HP y 14 controles pareados por edad y sexo. En todos los sujetos se midieron: niveles plasmáticos de malondialdehido (MDA), superóxido dismutasa ligada a endotelio (eSOD) y xantino oxidasa (eXO). Vasodilatación dependiente de endotelio mediada por flujo en arteria braquial fue usada como marcador de función endotelial (FDD). Función ventricular derecha y reactividad del lecho vascular pulmonar frente a iloprost inhalado fueron evaluadas ecocardiográficamente en los pacientes con HP Resultados: Los pacientes con HP presentaron FDD disminuida versus los controles (2,8 +/- 0,6 vs 10,7 por ciento +/- 0,6, p< 0,01). Niveles de MDA y eXO aumentados (0,61 +/- 0,17 vs 0,34 +/- 0,15uM, p<0,01 y 0,039 +/- 0,005 vs 0,034 +/- 0,004 U/mL1, p=0,02 respectivamente) y actividad de eSOD disminuida (235,55 +/- 23 vs 461,41 +/- 33 ABC, p<0,01). Iloprost mejora significativamente el gasto cardíaco derecho y disminuye la resistencia vascular pulmonar en los pacientes con HP y este cambio se correlaciona con la actividad de eSOD (Rho: 0,61, p<0,01) y FDD (Rho: 0,63, p=0,01). Conclusiones: Pacientes con HP presentan parámetros de estrés oxidativo elevados y disfunción endotelial periférica La respuesta hemodinámica frente al uso de Iloprost se correlaciona con estos parámetros sugiriendo un rol en la HP cuyo valor clínico deberá ser evaluado.


Background: Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH) is characterized by endothelial dysfunction and vascular remodeling. Several lines of experimental evidence indicate that oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of PAH. The role of oxidative stress and its relation with peripheral endothelial function and pulmonary vascular response to vasodilators remains unknown. Aim: To evaluate whether systemic oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction markers are associated with the response of the pulmonary vascular bed to inhaled vasodilators in PAH patients. Methods: Cross-sectional study Fourteen patients with PAH and 14 age and gender-matched controls were included. Systemic oxidative stress was assessed through plasma malondialdehyde (MDA), xanthine oxidase (eXO) levels and endothelial-bound superoxide dismutase (eSOD) activity Brachial artery endothelial-de-pendent flow-mediated vasodilation (FDD) was used to evaluate endothelial function. Right ventricular function and pulmonary vascular bed reactivity to inhaled vasodilators was determined with echocardiography in PAH patients. Results: Compared to controls, PAH patients showed impaired FDD (2.8 +/- 0.6 vs 10.7 percent +/- 0.6, p< 0.01), increased MDA and eXO levels (0.61 +/- 0.17 vs 0.34 +/- 0.15uM, p<0.01 and 0.039 +/- 0.005 vs 0.034 +/- 0.004 U/ mL1, p=0.02 , respectively) and decreased eSOD activity 235.55 +/- 23 vs 461.41 +/- 33 AUC, p<0.01). Iloprost significantly improved right cardiac output (RCO) and decreased pulmonary vascular resistance. The amount of change in RCO after iloprost inhalation correlated significantly with baseline eSOD activity and FDD (Rho: 0.61, p<0.01 and Rho: 0.63, p=0.01 respectively). Conclusions: PAH patients show increased oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction markers. Response to inhaled iloprost is closely related with baseline endothelial function and oxidative stress parameters, suggesting an important role of these elements that re...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Female , Hypertension, Pulmonary/physiopathology , Hypertension, Pulmonary/drug therapy , Iloprost/administration & dosage , Oxidative Stress , Vasodilator Agents/administration & dosage , Administration, Inhalation , Case-Control Studies , Cross-Sectional Studies , Echocardiography , Endothelium, Vascular/physiopathology , Cardiac Output , Malondialdehyde/analysis , Vascular Resistance , Superoxide Dismutase/analysis , Ventricular Dysfunction, Right , Xanthine Oxidase/analysis
4.
Rev. chil. cardiol ; 28(2): 139-149, ago. 2009. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-533378

ABSTRACT

El aumento en la actividad de la xantina-oxidasa unida al endotelio (XOec) puedeparticipar como un importante mediador de la disfunción endotelial en la insuficiencia cardíaca crónica (IC). Las estatinas son capaces de reducir el estrés oxidativo y restaurar la disfunción endotelial a través de mecanismos independientes de la reducción del colesterol. Sin embargo, el efecto de estos fármacos en la actividad de XOec es completamente desconocido. Nosotros estudiamos la hipótesis que atorvastatina durante 8 semanas reduce la actividad de XOec de manera independiente de los cambios en el colesterol. Metodología: Un total de 25 pacientes con IC (Fracción de eyección < 40 por ciento y Clase funcional NYHA II-III) recibieron placebo por 4 semanas, seguido por 8 semanas de atorvastatina 20 mg por día. Muestras desangre fueron recolectadas basalmente, 4 semanas y 12 semanas. La actividad de XOec y los niveles de ácido úrico fueron medidos por espectrofotometría.Resultados: El tratamiento con atorvastatina, pero no el placebo, redujo la actividad de ecXO (p<0.01), los niveles de ácido úrico (p<0.05), colesterol total (p<0.01), LDL-colesterol (p<0.01) y triglicéridos (p<0.05) sin cambios en los niveles de HDL-colesterol y creatinina. Además, no se encontraron correlaciones estadísticas entre la fracción de cambio de XOec y las fracciones de cambio de parámetros lipídicos. Conclusión: El efecto beneficioso a corto plazo de la atorvastatina en relación a la mejoría de la función endotelial demostrado en estudios previos, estaría asociado a una disminución en la actividad de XOec de una manera independiente a los cambios en el colesterol, lo que sugiere la presencia de un nuevo efecto pleiotrópico de las estatinas.


An increased activity of endothelium bound xanthine oxydase (XOeb) may play an important role as a mediator of endothelial dysfunction in chronic heart failure (CHF). Statins reduce oxydative stress and improve endothelial dysfunction through mechanisms unrelated to cholesterol lowering. However, the effect of statins on XOeb activity is unknown. We hypothesized that atorvastatin administered for 6 weeks would reduce XOeb independently of changes in serum cholesterol levels. Methods: 25 patients with CHF (NYHA class II or III with ejection fraction <40 percent received placebo for 4 weeks followed by atorvastatin, 20mg per day, for 8 weeks. Blood samples were obtained before statin administration and 4 and 12 weeks later. Spectrophotometry was used to determine XOeb and uric aced levels. Results: Atorvastatin, but not placebo, reduced XOeb activity (p<0.01), and uric acid (p<0.05), total cholesterol (p<0.01), LDL-cholesterol (p<0.01) and triglyceride levels (p<0.05). No changes were observed inHDL and creatinine levels. There was no correlation between XOeb changes and changes in the other lipid parameters. Conclusion: The known improvement in endothelial dysfuncion related to statin use previously reported is associated to a decrease in XOec activity independently of changes in cholesterol levels, suggesting a new pleiotropic effect of statins.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Female , Middle Aged , Heptanoic Acids/pharmacology , Endothelium , Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/pharmacology , Heart Failure/drug therapy , Pyrroles/pharmacology , Xanthine Oxidase/antagonists & inhibitors , Analysis of Variance , Uric Acid/analysis , Anticholesteremic Agents/pharmacology , Chronic Disease , Endothelium/physiopathology , Oxidative Stress , Lipids/analysis
5.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 136(9): 1134-1140, sept. 2008. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-497028

ABSTRACT

Background: Type I familial hyperaldosteronism is caused by the presence of a chimaetic gene CYPl 1B1/CYP11BZ which encodes an enzyme with aldosterone synthetase activityregulated by adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH). Therefore, in patients with FH I is possible to normalize the aldosterone levels with glucocorticoid treatment. Recently it has been shown that aldosterone plays a role in the production of endothelial oxidative stress and subclinical inflammation. Aim: To evaluate subclinical endothelial inflammation markers, Me Metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and ultrasensitive C reactive protein (usPCR), before and after glucocorticoid treatment in family members with FH-I caused by a de novo mutation. Patients and methods: We report three subjects with FH-I in a single family (proband, father and sister). We confirmed the presence of a chimaeric CYPl 1B1/CYP11B2 gene by ¡ong-PCR in all of them. Paternal grandparents were unaffected by the mutation. The proband was a 13year-old boy with hypertension stage 2 (in agree to The JointNational Committee VII, JNC-vIl), with an aldosterone/plasma rennin activity ratio equal to 161. A DNA paternity test confirmed the parental relationship between the grandparents and father with the index case. MMP-9 and usPCR levels were determined by gelatin zymography and nephelometry, respectively. Results: All affected subjects had approximately a 50 percent increase in MMP-9 levels. Only the father had an elevated usPCR. The endothelial inflammation markers returned to normal range after glucocorticoid treatment. Conclusions: We report a family canying a FH-I caused by a de novo mutation. The elevation of endothelial inflammation markers in these patients and its normalization after glucocorticoid treatment provides new insight about the possible deleterious effect of aldosterone on the endothelium.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Female , Humans , Male , C-Reactive Protein/analysis , Endothelium, Vascular , Hyperaldosteronism/genetics , Matrix Metalloproteinase 9/blood , Mutation/genetics , Vasculitis/blood , Cytochrome P-450 CYP11B2/genetics , Aldosterone/blood , Biomarkers/blood , Hyperaldosteronism/blood , Oxidative Stress/physiology , Paternity , Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods , /genetics , Vasculitis/genetics
6.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 136(6): 687-693, jun. 2008. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-490752

ABSTRACT

Background: In chronic heart failure (CHF), endothelial dysfunction (ED) is a consequence of an imbalance of vascular tone regulating substances. The relationship between ED and inflammation has not been fully investigated. Aim: To assess the association between inflammation and ED in CHF. Material and methods: Forty two patients aged 56±14 years (80 percent male) with a CHF in functional capacity II-III (New York Heart Association) and an ejection fraction (FE) <40 percent were consecutively studied. Patients were classified according to the presence or absence of ED, evaluated by reactive vasodilation measured by ultrasound, after brachial artery compression. Circulating levels of highly sensitive C reactive protein (usCRP), tumor necrosis factor a (TNFá) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were determined by ELISA. A group of 15 healthy subjects of similar age, were studied as controls. Results: Sixty seven percent of patients had ED. Compared to controls, patients with CHF had higher usCRP (0.58±0.4 and 4.9±7.1 mg/dl respectively, p <0.01) and IL-6 (1.38±0.06 and 3.1±1.7 mg/dl respectively, p <0.01). Compared to patients without ED, patients with CHF and ED had higher levéis of usCRP (3.0±0.4 and 6.0±5.7 mg/dl respectively, p <0.01) and TNFá (0.31±0.26 and 1.0±1.1 pg/ml, p =0.02). No differences in IL-6 were found between CHF groups. Conclusions: In CHF patients, the presence of ED was associated with increased levéis of inflammatory markers.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Endothelium, Vascular/physiopathology , Heart Failure/blood , Inflammation/blood , Biomarkers/blood , C-Reactive Protein/metabolism , Chronic Disease , Endothelium, Vascular/drug effects , Heart Failure/physiopathology , Inflammation Mediators/blood , Inflammation/physiopathology , /blood , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/blood , Vasodilation/physiology , Young Adult
7.
Rev. chil. endocrinol. diabetes ; 1(1): 18-23, ene. 2008. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-612508

ABSTRACT

Type I familial hyperaldosteronism (HAF-I) is caused by the presence of a chimeric gene CYP11B1/CYP11B2 which encodes an enzyme with aldosterone synthetase activity regulated by ACTH. HAF-I patients present with severe hypertension at young ages and a greater risk of stroke. AIM: To characterize clinical and biochemical presentation of family members with HAF-I. To evaluate endothelial oxidative stress markers before and after glucocorticoid treatment. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We evaluated three family members with HAF-I confirmed with a genetic test (XL-PCR) for chimeric gene CYP11B1/CYP11B2. The index case was a 13 years old boy with stage 2 hypertension (Joint National Committee VIIth report), plasma aldosterone/ plasma renin activity (AP/ARP) ratio of161 and normal plasma potassium. His father had primary hyperaldosteronism diagnosed at 25 years of age with hypertension and hypokalemia. His sister was 15 years old, with a normal blood pressure and an AP/ARP ratio of 37.6. RESULTS: All subjects had plasma xanthine-oxidase levels in the upperlimit of normal. Malondialdehyde was above normal in the index case and his father. These markers returned to normal with glucocorticoid treatment. CONCLUSIONS: We report a HAF-I carrying family with a wide phenotypical variability between affected members. Elevation of endothelial oxidativestress markers and its normalization after glucocorticoid treatment, may indicate that aldosterone produces endothelial damage and increases cardiovascular risk.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Middle Aged , Oxidative Stress , Glucocorticoids/therapeutic use , Hyperaldosteronism/genetics , Hyperaldosteronism/drug therapy , Cytochrome P-450 CYP11B2/genetics , Endothelial Cells , /genetics , Phenotype , Hyperaldosteronism/physiopathology , Biomarkers
8.
Rev. chil. cardiol ; 25(3): 267-273, oct.-dic. 2006. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-451690

ABSTRACT

Introducción: En pacientes con insuficiencia cardíaca (IC) existe activación neurohumoral que contribuye a la progresión clínica de la enfermedad y se ha asociado a aumento del estrés oxidativo (EO) y deterioro de la capacidad funcional. Pacientes con IC avanzada tienen niveles aumentados de malodihaldehido, un marcador de EO, pero niveles normales de enzimas antioxidantes. En la pared vascular, la enzima superóxido dismutasa ligada a endotelio (SODec) representa un importante sistema enzimático antioxidante que contribuye a la inactivación de especies reactivas del oxígeno (ROS) y a la modulación del tono vascular. Objetivo: Estudiar el rol de SODec como marcador de EO en IC y su correlación con la función endotelial. Métodos: Estudiamos 20 pacientes con IC moderada (Clase II-III) con fracción de eyección de ventrículo izquierdo (FEVI) < 40 por ciento. Se determinaron los niveles plasmáticos de MDA por sustancias reactivas del ácido tiobarbitúrico y los sistemas de defensa antioxidantes eritrocitarios SOD y catalasa (CAT) por espectofotometría. La enzima ecSOD se liberó de la superficie endotelial mediante la administración de heparina en bolo (5000 U) en la arteria braquial determinando su actividad en sangre venosa. La función endotelial se determinó mediante ecografía de arteria braquial para determinar la vasodilatación dependiente de endotelio. Se utilizó un grupo control de personas sanas pareadas por edad y sexo. Los resultados se expresan como promedio ± DES y en el análisis estadístico se utilizó t-Student y correlación lineal de Pearson. Resultados: Edad promedio de 59 ± 16 años, 17 hombres (85 por ciento). Nueve con etiología isquémica (45 por ciento). La FEVI fue de 33 ± 5 por ciento, el test de caminata de 6 minutos de 412 ± 90 m. Los niveles plasmáticos de MDA y de SOD y CAT eritrocitarios fueronsimilares en pacientes con IC y en grupo control. En los pacientes con IC encontramos una disminución significativa de la actividad de SODec (p< 0.001)...


Subject(s)
Male , Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Endothelium, Vascular/physiopathology , Heart Failure/physiopathology , Heart Failure/metabolism , Oxidative Stress , Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism , Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors , Case-Control Studies , Chronic Disease , Endothelium, Vascular/enzymology , Heart Failure/enzymology , Malondialdehyde/blood , Biomarkers
9.
Rev. chil. cardiol ; 25(1): 17-25, ene.-mar. 2006. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-485654

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes: La metaloproteinasas (MMPs) son enzimas proteolíticas que participan en la inestabilidad de la placa aterosclerótica. En cultivos celulares, la actividad de metaloproteinasas-2 y 9 (MMP-2 y MMP-9) aumenta en presencia de radicales libres del oxígeno. En una experiencia preliminar en pacientes con síndrome coronario agudo (SCA) hemos encontrado una posible asociación entre ambos fenómenos. Objetivo: Evaluar la relación entre actividad de enzimas de degradación de la matriz extracelular y estrés oxidativo (EO) en el SCA. Métodos: Estudiamos en forma prospectiva a 40 pacientes con SCA sin supradesnivel del segmento ST, puntaje TIMI ≥ 3 y alteraciones al electrocardiograma o elevación de Troponina I, que no presentaran un proceso inflamatorio. Se midió actividad de MMP-2 y MMP-9 (por zimografía en geles), malondialdehido (MDA) (mediante sustancias reactivas al ácido tiobarbitúrico) y PCR ultrasensible (PCRus) (ELISA), al ingreso y al quinto día. Se utilizó test t de Student para muestras pareadas y correlación lineal de Pearson. Resultados: De los 40 pacientes, 31 fueron hombres, la edad promedio fue 61+/-12 (38-85) años, todos con elevación de Troponina I. El puntaje TIMI fue de 4 (3-7). El 85 por ciento de los pacientes presentaron elevación de PCRus al ingreso (15,0+/-28,7 mg/L) y ésta aumentó al día 5 (35,3+/-38 mg/L, p=0,01); los niveles plasmáticos de MDA se encontraron elevados al ingreso (1,54+/-0,75 µM/L) y descendieron al quinto día (1,04+/-0,32 µM/L, p<0,0001). Al quinto día, la actividad de MMP-9 cayó a un 74+/-27 por ciento del valor basal (p<0,0001). No se observó cambio en la actividad de MMP-2. Se demostró una correlación positiva entre las fracciones de cambio de MDA y MMP-9 (r=0,43, p<0,0001). Conclusiones: En pacientes con SCA se observa un aumento precoz en el grado de inflamación, actividad de MMP-9 y de EO...


Background: Metalloproteinases are proteolytic enzymes that participate in atherosclerotic plaque instability. In cellular cultures there is increased activity of metalloproteinases-2 and 9 (MMP-2 and MMP-9) in the presence of free oxygen radicals. In a preliminary experience in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) we have found a possible association between both phenomena. Objective: To evaluate the relation between activity of matrix degradation proteins and oxidative stress (OS) in acute coronary syndrome. Methods: Fourty patients with non-ST segment elevation acute coronary syndrome were prospectively studied. All had a TIMI risk score ≥ 3, ischemic changes on electrocardiogram or Troponin I elevation, without a concomitant inflammatory condition. We determined MMP-2 and MMP-9 activities (gel zymography), malondialdehyde (MDA) (thiobarbituric acid reactive species) and high sensitive C reactive protein (hsCRP) plasma levels at admission and 5 days later. Paired samples Student’ t test and Pearson’s lineal correlation were used for statistical analysis. Results: Of the 40 patients, 31 were male, mean age 61+/-12 years old (range 38-85), all of them with Troponin I elevation. The TIMI risk score was 4 (3-7). 85 percent presented hsCRP elevation (15.0+/-28,7 mg/L at admission and 35.3+/-38 mg/L at day 5). MDA plasma levels were increased at admission (1,54+/-0,75 µM/L) and diminished at day 5 (1,04+/-0,32 µM/L, p<0,0001). Compared to basal values, MMP-9 activity decreased to 74+/- 27 percent at day 5, (p<0,001). No significant change was observed in MMP-2 activity between both measurements. A significant positive correlation was found between change fractions of MDA levels and MMP-9 activity (r=0,43, p<0,0001). Conclusions: In patients with ACS we observed an early increase in inflammation markers, MMP-9 activity and OS. The correlation demonstrated between MMP-9 activity and OS suggests a common role of both phenomena in the pathophysiology...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Coronary Disease/enzymology , Coronary Disease/metabolism , Oxidative Stress/physiology , Matrix Metalloproteinase 9/metabolism , Myocardial Infarction/enzymology , Myocardial Infarction/metabolism , Metalloproteases/metabolism , Prospective Studies , Time Factors
10.
Rev. chil. cardiol ; 24(2): 132-137, abr.-jun. 2005. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-423527

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Carvedilol es un bloqueador adrenérgico que mejora el remodelamiento ventricular izquierdo y reduce la morbi-mortalidad de los pacientes con insuficiencia cardíaca congestiva (ICC). Esto podría estar relacionado con una corrección de la sincronía ventricular. Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto de Carvedilol sobre la sincronía en la contracción ventricular en pacientes con ICC. Métodos: Se estudiaron 30 pacientes con ICC estable, capacidad funcional NYHA (CF) II-III, fracción de eyección (FE) < 40 por ciento, los cuales estaban tratados en forma habitual. Se excluyeron pacientes usuarios de betabloqueadores o de marcapaso. Se realizó ventriculografía radioisotópica de equilibrio, al inicio y posterior a la terapia con Carvedilol por 6 meses, para evaluar la función sistólica y la sincronía ventricular. La sincronía interventricular fue calculada mediante la diferencia de promedio de fase de ambos ventrículos y la intraventricular usando la desviación estándar del análisis de fase. Resultados: La edad fue 55 ± 13 años, 71 por ciento hombres, 35 por ciento de etiología isquémica y 29 por ciento con bloqueo completo de rama izquierda (BCRI). Posterior a la terapia con Carvedilol (dosis promedio de 22 mg, rango de 6.25 – 50 mg/día) hubo una mejoría en la CF y en la distancia recorrida en 6 min (499 ± 18 m a 534 ± 17 m ). La FE mejoró de 24 ± 8.3 por ciento a 31 ± 11. 3 por ciento (p<0.001). En los pacientes con peor sincronía, bajo el percentil 50, mejoró la sincronía intraventricular (113 ± ms vs. 94 ± 38 ms, p=0.02) e interventricular (62.8 ± 7 ms vs. 39.4 ± 9 ms, p=0.02). Los pacientes con etiología no isquémica tuvieron una mejoría en la sincronía intraventricular (103.8 ± 7 ms vs 78.3 ± 12 ms, p=0.04) e interventricular (68.1 ± 9 ms vs. 35.3 ± 12 ms, p=0.02). En aquellos sin BCRI mejoró la sincronía intraventricular (112.1 ± 8 ms vs. 88.5 ± 11.2 ms, p=0.01). No hubo cambios significativos en pacientes con causa isquémica o con BCRI. Conclusiones: En pacientes con IC y disfunción ventricular izquierda, Carvedilol mejora la sincronía intra e interventricular. Estos efectos podrían estar relacionados a una acción favorable sobre el remodelamiento cardíaco.


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Adrenergic beta-Antagonists , Ventricular Dysfunction/drug therapy , Ventricular Function , Heart Failure/drug therapy , Ventricular Remodeling , Adrenergic beta-Antagonists , Diagnostic Techniques, Radioisotope , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Ventricular Dysfunction , Follow-Up Studies , Treatment Outcome , Exercise Test
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